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The legal world is vast and intricate, with many pathways and qualifications, all leading to the esteemed title of 'solicitor' in England and Wales. Recognising this diversity, the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) introduced SQE exemptions. But what are they, and who are they for? Let's delve deeper.
At its core, an SQE exemption is an official acknowledgment by the SRA that a candidate, given their background, does not need to undergo specific parts of the standard SQE qualification process. It's a testament to the candidate's existing legal acumen, stating they've already mastered certain skills or knowledge the SQE seeks to validate.
The essence of introducing SQE exemptions is rooted in fairness and efficiency. Why should a seasoned lawyer from another country or a UK barrister undergo the same examination process as a fresh law graduate? By granting exemptions, the SRA ensures that individuals don’t waste time and resources repeating what they already know.
Exemptions can be sought for different parts of the SQE, but the criteria for securing these exemptions differ:
It's paramount to grasp that the SRA demands comprehensive evidence and a well-presented case to grant any exemption. Simply belonging to another jurisdiction or having years of practice doesn't guarantee an automatic pass. The onus is on the candidate to make a convincing case for why they deserve the exemption.
It's crucial to understand that the SRA doesn't offer partial exemptions within these broad categories. For instance, one can't get an exemption for just a section of SQE1; it's an all-or-nothing scenario.
To appreciate the depth and significance of the SQE exemptions, one must first have a thorough grasp of the SQE's main pillars. These are the milestones that every aspirant must achieve to qualify as a solicitor in England & Wales:
To appreciate the depth and significance of the SQE exemptions, one must first have a thorough grasp of the SQE's main pillars. These are the milestones that every aspirant must achieve to qualify as a solicitor in England & Wales:
The foundation of the SQE pathway starts with the completion of a degree. This doesn't necessarily have to be in law; any subject is acceptable. This broad criterion ensures that individuals from diverse educational backgrounds can consider a career as a solicitor, thereby enriching the profession with varied perspectives and expertise.
These are rigorous assessments that test the aspiring solicitor's knowledge and practical skills.
This is where theory meets real-world application. Every SQE aspirant is required to complete two years of QWE. This experience ensures that candidates are not only knowledgeable but also have practical insight into the legal profession. It can be accrued in various forms, from traditional training contracts to placements, internships, or even shadowing seasoned solicitors.
Becoming a solicitor isn't just about academic excellence or professional experience ; it's also about integrity, ethics, and professionalism. The SRA places immense emphasis on these attributes. All candidates must meet the character and suitability requirements, ensuring that they uphold the high standards expected of solicitors in England & Wales.
By understanding these pillars in-depth, candidates can better appreciate the relevance of the SQE exemptions and position themselves effectively within the qualification process.
For foreign-qualified lawyers aspiring to practice in England and Wales, navigating the intricacies of the SQE process can be daunting. These individuals come armed with qualifications and experience from different legal jurisdictions, making them unique candidates. Here's an in-depth exploration of how the SQE exemptions apply to them:
Foreign-qualified lawyers possess distinct legal insights owing to their training and experience in other jurisdictions. The Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) recognises this and has carved out potential exemptions in the SQE process tailored for them. Key to understanding these exemptions is discerning how the SQE assessments (SQE1 and SQE2) and other pillars relate to their qualifications and experience.
Acquiring an exemption from the SQE1 can be challenging. Candidates are tasked with demonstrating two crucial aspects:
This means, a foreign-qualified solicitor must not only showcase a deep understanding of their home country's legal system but also draw parallels with the legal system in England & Wales.
Achieving an exemption in SQE2 might be relatively more straightforward, but it still requires meticulous evidence. The SRA's focus shifts from theoretical understanding to practical application. Foreign-qualified lawyers need to:
It's worth noting that irrespective of their foreign qualifications, all candidates must hold a degree and meet the SRA's character and suitability prerequisites. While the SRA acknowledges the professional experience of foreign-qualified lawyers, these foundational requirements remain non-negotiable.
The SRA has pre-agreed exemptions for certain jurisdictions, deeming their legal education and practices equivalent or close to those in England & Wales. However, it's essential for foreign-qualified lawyers to consistently check the SRA website for updates regarding these jurisdictions and the specifics of the exemptions granted.
The SRA has considered legal qualifications from a number of jurisdictions, and has agreed* to grant exemptions for specific stages of the SQE in some instances:
For foreign-qualified lawyers from non-English speaking jurisdictions, language can be a barrier. Exemptions from the SQE2 assessments might require candidates to prove their proficiency in English or Welsh, either through standardized tests or evidence that their degree was instructed in English.
By understanding these pillars in-depth, candidates can better appreciate the relevance of the SQE exemptions and position themselves effectively within the qualification process.
Legal Practice Course (LPC) graduates occupy a distinctive position when it comes to the Solicitors Qualifying Examination (SQE). Their prior training and the knowledge they've amassed throughout the LPC provide them with unique opportunities in the path to becoming a solicitor in England and Wales. Understanding the exemptions and alternative routes available to them can make the transition smoother. Here's a detailed look:
Historically, LPC graduates would embark on a training contract, a mandated step towards qualification. This method had its merits but also came with its set of challenges, particularly in securing a training contract.
One of the standout pathways for LPC grads in the wake of the SQE is the introduction of QWE. This offers a more flexible approach to gathering legal experience. By replacing the traditional training contract, LPC graduates can accumulate two years of QWE, broadening their scope of experiences across possibly multiple legal sectors.
An added advantage for LPC graduates is that they're not mandated to sit for the SQE1 assessments. Their focus would primarily be on passing the SQE2 assessments. This essentially means that their "solicitor exemptions" pathway requires a comprehensive understanding of the practical skills tested in SQE2 rather than the foundational legal knowledge of SQE1.
LPC graduates aren't just fresh-faced legal enthusiasts. Many come with a wealth of experience, which can be invaluable. The SRA acknowledges this by allowing graduates to apply for exemptions based on their previously acquired experiences, especially if these align with the Practice Skills Standards. This "SQE exemption application" process necessitates a detailed demonstration of how their past roles and responsibilities align with the required standards.
For LPC graduates, the road to becoming a "qualified solicitor" is lined with choices. While the SQE offers new avenues, it's crucial to evaluate the benefits of each path. Whether it's pursuing QWE, focusing on SQE2, or leveraging past experiences for exemptions, each decision should be informed by one's career aspirations and accumulated experiences.
To summarise, LPC graduates are presented with varied options that can fast-track their journey to becoming solicitors in England & Wales. By understanding the nuances of SQE2 exemptions and leveraging their unique positions, they can make strategic decisions that best suit their professional trajectories.
While traditionally distinct in their roles and paths of qualification, barristers aren't left on the sidelines when it comes to the SQE. This new framework offers them the opportunity to diversify their legal credentials and potentially transition into roles that were previously exclusive to solicitors.
In the legal landscape of England and Wales, barristers have often been viewed as courtroom specialists, emphasizing advocacy, while solicitors have had a broader, more varied role, often interacting directly with clients and managing legal cases from inception to resolution. This distinction, however, doesn't negate the breadth and depth of a barrister's legal expertise.
Barristers exploring the SQE route should be aware that there are no automatic or pre-agreed SQE exemptions for them. The SQE process doesn't assume a one-size-fits-all approach. Instead, the emphasis is on individual competencies and how they align with the requirements of a qualified solicitor.
Barristers are encouraged to make individual SQE exemption applications to the SRA. Given their rigorous training and vast experience, many may find that they can make a strong case for exemptions, especially in the SQE2 exemption category. Their background in legal arguments, case preparation, and intricate knowledge of the law can be substantial assets. When applying, the key is to showcase how their experience and knowledge align with the criteria set for solicitor exemptions.
The SQE's introduction represents more than a shift in legal examinations. It embodies a broader shift in the legal profession's landscape, emphasizing versatility and a blending of traditional roles. For barristers, this could mean expanded opportunities, a diversified skill set, and new avenues to explore in their illustrious careers.
The practice areas in which these legal skills are assessed are:
Questions in these practice areas may draw on underlying black letter law in the Functioning Legal Knowledge (FLK) as follows:
Professionalism and ethics will be core parts of SQE2. Questions on ethics will be pervasive throughout SQE2. Ethical issues will not be flagged, and candidates will need to identify any ethical and professional conduct issues and exercise judgment to resolve them honestly and with integrity.
Questions involving taxation may arise in Property Practice; Wills and Intestacy, Probate Administration and Practice; and Business organisations, rules and procedures.
Detail of the examinable content covered is given in Annex 1. Property Practice is under the headings freehold and leasehold real estate law and practice and core principles of planning law. Annex 1 is a sub-set of the FLK in SQE1. For the avoidance of doubt, the legal system of England and Wales, constitutional and administrative law and EU law, legal services (apart from money laundering and financial services), and solicitors’ accounts are not examined in SQE2. Money laundering and financial services are examinable in the context of business organisations, rules and procedures.
The cut-off date for the law upon which candidates are examined in the SQE will be four calendar months prior to the date of the first assessment in an assessment window. Candidates will be tested on the law as it stands at that date. They will not be tested on the development of the law.
For practical purposes, SQE2 is divided into two parts as follows:
The assessments in SQE2 oral are:
SQE2 oral will take place over two half days. The following table shows the assessments candidates will undertake on each of the days. Candidates will take a total of four oral legal skills assessments.
Day 1Day 2Advocacy (Dispute Resolution)Advocacy (Criminal Litigation)Interview and attendance note/legal analysis (Property Practice)Interview and attendance note/legal analysis (Wills and Intestacy, Probate Administration and Practice)
Please note that different candidates may complete the assessments in different orders. Candidates may therefore start with either the interview and attendance note/legal analysis or the advocacy.
Further details of the assessments are available in Assessments in SQE2 as follows: Client interviewing and completion of attendance note/legal analysis and Advocacy.
The assessments in SQE2 written are:
SQE2 written takes place over three half-days. You will take a total of 12 written legal skills assessments.
Day 1Day 2Day 3Case and matter analysisCase and matter analysisCase and matter analysisLegal draftingLegal draftingLegal draftingLegal researchLegal researchLegal researchLegal writingLegal writingLegal writingTwo of these exercises will be in the context of Dispute Resolution and two will be in the context of Criminal Litigation.Two of these exercises will be in the context of Property Practice and two will be in the context of Wills and Intestacy, Probate Administration and Practice.You will sit all assessments in the context of Business Organisations, Rules and Procedures.
You may complete the assessments in a different order than that listed.
Further details of the assessments are available in Assessments in SQE2 as follows: Case and matter analysis, Legal research, Legal writing, and Legal drafting.
The interviewing station will be marked by the assessor playing the role of the client and will be marked on skills only. The attendance note and all other stations will be marked by a solicitor who will assess candidates on both skills and application of law.
The assessment criteria against which candidates will be judged in each of the six types of legal skills stations are provided at Assessments in SQE2 below. Performance in each of these criteria will be assessed on a scale from A – F by trained assessors making global professional judgments related to the standard of competency of the assessment1 as follows:
This grading will then be converted into numerical marks such that A = 5 marks and F = 0 marks.
The marking criteria for each of the stations has been divided into marks for skills and marks for application of law. In arriving at a final mark for the candidate across all assessments, skills and application of law are weighted equally. This is to ensure that adequate weighting is given to the quality of the advice provided.
In demonstrating that they have reached the standard of competency of a Day One Solicitor, candidates will need to demonstrate that they can apply fundamental legal principles in the skills-based situations covered by SQE2 in a way that addresses the client’s needs and concerns. They will need sufficient knowledge to make them competent to practice on the basis that they can look up detail later. Candidates will not be expected to know or address detail that a Day One Solicitor would look up unless they have been provided with that detail as part of the assessment materials. See also the legal materials section below. Sample questions and indicative answers will be published on the SQE website.
The assessment criteria for SQE2 refer to correct and comprehensive application of law. The following is a non-exhaustive list of what this may include:
The assessment criteria for application of law refer to legally correct and legally comprehensive. How each of these is interpreted will depend on an academic judgment about each assessment informed by the Statement of Solicitor Competence (Annex 3) and the Functioning Legal Knowledge for SQE2 (Annex 1). For instance, in an assessment where the candidate has to identify the legal issues, credit for this might be given under legally comprehensive. Where the legal issues are made explicit in the question, credit under legally comprehensive might be awarded for giving a comprehensive analysis of those issues, not just for identifying them.
While Wales does not form a separate legal jurisdiction (it is part of the legal jurisdiction of England and Wales), the laws that apply in England may be different from the laws that apply in Wales. In Wales, the Welsh language has official status and can be used in proceedings. These factors have consequences for how the law operates in Wales.
Solicitors of England and Wales are entitled to practice both in England and in Wales. Candidates will be required to apply, at the level of the newly qualified solicitor, their knowledge that, in relation to certain topics, the law is different in the two territories.
The assessment criteria for the written skills refer to clear, precise, concise, and acceptable language. This may include:
In order to pass SQE2, candidates must obtain the overall pass mark for SQE2. For the avoidance of doubt, please note that there is not a separate pass mark for SQE2 oral and SQE2 written. There is one pass mark for SQE2 as a whole. For details of how the pass mark is set, see the Marking and Moderation Policy (this will be made available in the future).
For all stations except legal research, candidates will be provided, as part of their assessment materials, with materials that a Day One Solicitor would look up.
Candidates will need sufficient knowledge to make them competent to practice on the basis that they can look up detail later. Candidates will not be expected to know or address detail that a Day One Solicitor would look up unless they have been provided with that detail as part of their assessment materials. However, legal materials will only be provided where it is considered that a Day One Solicitor would need to refer to those materials. Sample questions and indicative answers will be published on the SQE website. For details on the legal research assessment, see Legal research.
Any other materials, such as books and notes, cannot be brought into or used during the assessments.
The two SQE1 Functioning Legal Knowledge (FLK) evaluations include the following subjects:
Each FLK evaluation may contain questions incorporating various combinations of these subjects as they could be found in a practical setting.
Ethics and Professional Conduct will be comprehensively evaluated throughout these two evaluations.
Principles of taxation will be specifically evaluated within the contexts of:
Each FLK evaluation is divided into two sections that detail the subject areas covered. The objectives of each assessment are outlined, followed by a discussion of the legal knowledge and practice expected from candidates in order to answer the questions effectively.
Candidates are expected to have a comprehensive understanding of the English and Welsh law, known as functioning legal knowledge. This suggests that candidates should be able to apply their legal knowledge to demonstrate the competencies expected of a newly certified solicitor in England and Wales.
The basic legal principles and rules that a candidate will need to utilize are detailed by subject area. A candidate should be capable of employing these basic legal principles and rules efficiently and appropriately, similar to a competent newly certified solicitor, to resolve realistic, client-based, and ethical issues. Each question will have five potential answers, and candidates should select only one answer per question.
The SQE1 FLK evaluations are conducted without the use of reference materials. The questions are designed to examine the application of basic legal principles expected of a newly qualified solicitor in England and Wales, without the use of books or notes. They are not intended to assess intricate details which a newly certified solicitor would typically refer to reference materials for.
The law upon which candidates will be evaluated in the SQE will be based on the status of the law four months prior to the first assessment date in an assessment window. Candidates will be assessed based on the law as it stands at that time, not on subsequent legal developments.
The Statement of Solicitor Competence (SoSC) illustrates the connection between the legal principles and rules that candidates must comprehend and apply. In the FLK evaluations, candidates will be evaluated at level 3 of the Threshold Standard, which is equivalent to the competency level of a newly qualified solicitor, as outlined in Annex 6.
The subsequent examples of the range of question styles utilized to evaluate the FLK are only representative and not comprehensive:
Published sample questions will offer instances of the style of questions that might be used to assess a candidate's ability to apply the fundamental legal principles and rules outlined in this assessment specification.
Whilst Wales does not form a separate legal jurisdiction (it is part of the legal jurisdiction of England and Wales), the laws that apply in England may be different from the laws that apply in Wales. In Wales, the Welsh language has official status and can be used in proceedings in Wales. These factors have consequences for how the law operates in Wales.
Candidates will be required to show that they can apply their knowledge of the sources of primary and secondary legislation in England and Wales and how that law is applied.
Solicitors of England and Wales are entitled to practise both in England and in Wales. Candidates will be required to apply, at the level of the newly qualified solicitor, their knowledge that, in relation to certain topics, the law is different in the two territories.
In legal practice, it is sometimes customary to refer to a legal principle, area of law, rule or procedural step using a case name or statutory provision (for instance, Rylands v Fletcher, CPR Part 36, Section 25 notice). In these situations, candidates are expected to recognize and utilize such case names and statutory provisions. However, candidates are not required to memorize specific case names, or quote statutory or regulatory authorities in other contexts.
The FLK evaluations for SQE1 will incorporate content outlined in this assessment specification. A detailed plan is included in Annex 3.
Candidates are expected to display their capacity to act honestly and with integrity, and to conform to the SRA Standards and Regulations, which consist of:
Refer to SoSC (A1) in Annex 1 for more information.
Ethics and professional conduct will be assessed across all subject areas.
Candidates must exhibit their ability to aptly and effectively utilise pertinent core legal principles and rules at the level of a proficient newly qualified solicitor in practice, addressing realistic client-focused and ethical dilemmas in the following areas:
Candidates are anticipated to apply knowledge derived from the below-mentioned areas of law and practice.
Questions may incorporate any combination of the subject areas within this FLK assessment 1 which might be encountered in a practical context.
Candidates must demonstrate their ability to properly and effectively use key legal principles and rules at the level of a competent newly qualified solicitor in practice, dealing with realistic client-based and ethical challenges in the following areas:
Candidates are expected to draw upon and apply knowledge from the areas of law and practice outlined below.
Candidates are expected to draw upon and apply knowledge from the areas of law and practice outlined below.
Candidates must display their ability to aptly and effectively apply crucial legal principles and rules, at the level of a competent newly qualified solicitor in practice, to realistic client-centered and ethical issues in the following areas:
Candidates are anticipated to apply knowledge derived from the below-mentioned areas of law and practice.
Questions may involve any combination of the subject areas within this FLK assessment 1 which could be encountered in a practical context.
Test-takers are expected to adeptly apply key legal principles and regulations in a manner that would be expected of a proficient recently certified attorney in a real-world setting. This should encompass real-life client-based and ethical issues and circumstances in these fields:
Participants should prove their capacity to act truthfully, with integrity, and following the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Applicants should incorporate and utilize information from the identified areas of law and practice. Any combination of the subjects within this first FLK test, as encountered in practice, may be used to formulate questions.
Candidates should be able to apply essential legal principles and rules effectively and aptly, to the standard of a proficient newly licensed attorney, to real-life client-related and ethical dilemmas and scenarios in the following areas:
Candidates should exhibit their ability to act with honesty, integrity, and in adherence to the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates should be prepared to utilize knowledge from the listed areas of law and practice. Questions may include any combination of the topics within this first FLK assessment that might come up in practice.
(This excludes the Listing, Prospectus, Disclosure Guidance, Transparency Rules, and any other FCA, London Stock Exchange, market rules, or codes)
Business and organisational structures should be understood, including sole traders, partnerships, LLPs, private and unlisted public companies.
Grasp the concepts of legal personality and limited liability.
Understand the processes and documentation needed to form a company, partnership, or LLP, and other steps mandated under companies and partnerships legislation to enable the entity to start operations:
For Finance, understand:
For Corporate governance and compliance:
For Partnership decision-making and authority of partners
In Insolvency (both corporate and personal):
Income Tax:
Capital Gains Tax:
Corporation Tax:
Value Added Tax:
Inheritance Tax:
Various methods for dispute resolution:
Identify the unique features of arbitration, mediation, and litigation that make them suitable for settling disputes.
Settling a dispute through a civil claim involves:
Where to start proceedings:
Initiating and serving proceedings:
Responding to a claim:
Statements of case:
Interim applications:
Managing Legal Cases:
Evidence:
Disclosure and Review:
Trial:
Expenses:
Appeals:
Enforcement of Monetary Judgments:
Creation:
Parties Involved:
Contract Clauses:
Invalidating Factors:
Termination:
Remedies:
Causation and Remoteness
Negligence:
Defenses:
Principles of Vicarious Liability
Occupiers’ Liability:
Product Liability:
Nuisance:
The Courts:
Development of Case Law: Precedent Doctrine
Primary Legislation:
Statutory Interpretation:
Application of Legislation by Senedd Cymru and Westminster to England and Wales.
Core Institutions of the State and their Interrelationships:
Legitimacy, Separation of Powers, and the Rule of Law:
Human Rights Act 1998 and the European Convention on Human Rights:
Place of EU Law in the UK Constitution:
Regulatory Role of the SRA:
Funding Options for Legal Services:
It is expected that candidates will apply relevant fundamental legal principles and regulations, in a suitable and effective manner, mirroring the competency of a newly practicing solicitor, to real-world client-related and ethical dilemmas in the following domains:
Candidates are required to display their commitment to honesty and integrity, adhering to the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates are anticipated to leverage and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may incorporate any combination of topics within this FLK assessment 2 that could arise in professional practice.
It is expected that candidates apply key legal principles and rules in a fitting and effective way, similar to a proficient newly qualified solicitor, to real-world client scenarios and ethical dilemmas in the following fields:
Candidates are required to prove their commitment to honesty, integrity, and compliance with the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates are not required to show understanding of foreign law, foreign assets, or foreign taxes.
Candidates should use and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may involve any combination of the topics within this FLK assessment 2 that could be encountered in a professional setting.
It is expected that candidates proficiently apply key principles of double entry bookkeeping and the SRA Accounts Rules in a suitable and effective manner, comparable to a newly practicing solicitor, to real-world client-related and ethical challenges in the following domains:
Candidates are required to show their commitment to honesty, integrity, and compliance with the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates are anticipated to utilize and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may incorporate any combination of topics within this FLK assessment 2 that might be encountered in professional practice.
It is expected that candidates apply relevant fundamental legal principles and regulations in a fitting and effective manner, comparable to a newly practicing solicitor, to real-world client scenarios and ethical dilemmas in the following fields:
Candidates are required to display their commitment to honesty, integrity, and compliance with the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates should leverage and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may incorporate any combination of topics within this FLK assessment 2 that could arise in a professional setting.
It is expected that candidates will apply key legal principles and rules in a suitable and effective way, comparable to a newly practicing solicitor, to real-world client scenarios and ethical dilemmas in the following fields:
Candidates are required to show their commitment to honesty, integrity, and compliance with the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates are not required to show understanding of foreign assets, foreign law, or foreign taxes.
Candidates should use and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may involve any combination of the topics within this FLK assessment 2 that could be encountered in a professional setting.
Within the context of designated criminal offenses, candidates are expected to apply fundamental legal principles and rules in a fitting and effective way, mirroring the proficiency of a newly practicing solicitor, to real-world client scenarios and ethical dilemmas in the following fields:
Candidates are required to display their commitment to honesty, integrity, and compliance with the SoSC, the SRA Principles, and the Code of Conduct.
Candidates are anticipated to leverage and apply their knowledge from the law and practice areas mentioned below.
The questions may incorporate any combination of topics within this FLK assessment 2 that could arise in a professional setting.
Essential Knowledge Areas in Freehold Property Law and Practice
Reviewing registered and unregistered freehold titles:
Pre-contract searches and enquiries:
Law Society Conveyancing Protocol
Finance:
Representing a lender:
Preparation and exchange of contracts:
Pre-completion:
Completion and post-completion:
Remedies for delayed completion:
Structure and content of a lease:
Procedural steps for the grant of a lease or underlease:
Procedural steps for the assignment of a lease:
Licence to assign and licence to underlet:
Leasehold covenants:
Remedies for breach of a leasehold covenant:
Termination of a lease:
Security of tenure under a business lease:
Statutory definition of "Development".
Matters that do not constitute "Development".
Matters that do not require express planning permission.
Building regulation control.
Enforcement: time limits and the range of local planning authority’s enforcement powers.
Stamp Duty Land Tax in England and Land Transaction Tax in Wales:
Value Added Tax:
Capital Gains Tax:
Validity of wills and codicils:
Personal Representatives:
Alterations and amendments to wills:
Revocation of wills:
The interpretation of wills:
The intestacy rules:
Property passing outside the estate:
Grants of representation:
Administration of estates:
Claims against estates under the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975:
Inheritance Tax:
Income and Capital Gains Tax in respect of the period of the administration of an estate:
Client money:
Client account:
Requirement to keep client money separate from money belonging to the authorized body.
Interest:
Breach of the SRA Accounts Rules:
Requirement to keep and maintain accurate records in client ledgers, including requirement to carry out reconciliation of client accounts and to keep a record of bills to include:
Operation of joint account; operation of a client’s own account.
Third-party managed accounts.
Obtaining and delivery of accountants’ reports; storage and retention of accounting records.
Nature of Land:
Title to Land:
Co-ownership and Trusts:
Proprietary Rights:
Leases:
Creation and requirements of express trusts:
Beneficial entitlement:
The distinction between charitable trusts and non-charitable purpose trusts.
Resulting trusts:
Trusts of the family home:
Liability of strangers to the trust:
The fiduciary relationship and its obligations:
Trustees:
Trustees’ liability:
The nature of equitable remedies and the availability of tracing in equity.
The core principles of criminal liability relating to the specified criminal offences listed below:
Specified criminal offences:
Actus Reus:
Mens Rea:
General defences:
Intoxication:
Self-defence/Defence of another:
Partial defences:
Loss of control:
Diminished responsibility:
Parties:
Principal offender:
Accomplices:
Inchoate offences:
Attempt to commit an offence:
Advising clients, including vulnerable clients, about the procedure and processes at the police station
Rights of a suspect being detained by the police for questioning:
Identification procedures:
Advising a client, including vulnerable clients, whether to answer police questions:
Procedure for interviewing a suspect under PACE 1984:
Bail applications:
First hearings before the magistrates’ court:
Plea before Venue:
Allocation of business between magistrates' court and Crown Court:
Case management and pre-trial hearings:
Principles and procedures to admit and exclude evidence:
Trial procedure in magistrates’ court and Crown Court:
Sentencing:
Appeals procedure:
Youth court procedure:
Why Choose Us?This is more than just a revision course. It's a strategically designed program aimed at elevating your preparation, boosting your confidence, and priming you for success in the SQE1 exam.Join the program for only £128Please note that this program's content may be subject to modifications based on updates from the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) or internal program adjustments to ensure the most current and effective training.
Day 1-3: Contract Law Essentials
Embark on your journey with a deep dive into Contract Law. We cover Elements for a Valid Contract, Express and Implied Terms, and Discharge and Remedies. Our approach integrates multiple learning tools:
Day 4-7: Business Law Deep Dive
Continue your learning with Business Law, examining Various Business Mediums, LLPs and Limited Companies, their decision-making processes, and financing strategies. To ensure a comprehensive understanding, we provide:
Our holistic approach combines rigorous academic training with personalised support, ensuring you not only learn but master the critical concepts in Contract and Business Law, essential for excelling in the SQE1 exam.
Day 1-3: Exploring Tort Law
Delve into the complexities of Tort Law, starting with Negligence and Trespass, progressing to Vicarious Liability, Employer's Liability, and Occupiers' Liability, then onto Liability for Defective Products and Nuisance, and concluding with Remedies in Tort Law. Our multifaceted learning approach includes:
Day 4-7: Mastering Dispute Resolution
Transition to Dispute Resolution, covering everything from Alternative Modes and Pre Action Considerations to Issuing Proceedings, Case Management, and Interim Applications. Finally, tackle Evidence and Trial Techniques, Appeals, Costs, Part 36 Offers, and Enforcement of Money Judgments. This segment is reinforced with:
Our program is designed to provide you with a deep and practical understanding of Tort and Dispute Resolution, crucial for your success in the SQE1 exam.
Day 1-4: Comprehensive Land Law Review
Embark on a detailed exploration of Land Law, beginning with the Nature of Land, Estates, and Interests, and Unregistered Land. Advance to Registered Land and Co-Ownership, delve into the complexities of Leases, and examine Easements, Profits, and Freehold Covenants. Conclude with an in-depth look at Mortgages and Tax. Enhance your learning with:
Day 5-7: Property Practice Insights
Shift your focus to Property Practice, covering Different Types of Transactions and diving into the Conveyancing Process from taking instructions to the pre-contract stage. Explore Investigation of Title, Pre-Contract Searches, and Exchange of Contracts, followed by Planning Law, Funding the Purchase, and the Completion Stages. Learn about Late Completion Remedies and Security of Tenure. This segment includes:
Our program's structured approach to Land Law and Property Practice ensures you gain not just theoretical knowledge but also practical understanding, vital for your SQE1 exam success.
Day 1-3: Criminal Law Mastery
Begin with a thorough review of Criminal Law, starting from the foundational concepts of Actus Reus (including Causation) and Mens Rea, and the Burden and Standard of Proof. Progress to more specific areas including Homicide Offences, Offences Against the Person Act, Theft Act of 1968, Fraud Offences, and Inchoate Offences. Your learning is supported by:
Day 4-7: Criminal Practice Proficiency
Shift to Criminal Practice, learning about Advising Clients at the Police Station, Bail Applications, Classification of Offences, and the dynamics of First Hearings and Plea Before Venue. Delve into Case Management, Pre-Trial Hearings, strategies to Exclude and Adduce Evidence, and Trial Procedures in both Magistrate and Crown Courts. Conclude with Sentencing Principles and Mitigation Plea, along with insights into the Appeal process. Enhance your practice with:
This week's intensive focus on Criminal Law and Criminal Practice is designed to equip you with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, essential for excelling in the SQE1 exam.
Day 1-3: Comprehensive Trust Law Coverage
Immerse yourself in the world of Trusts, starting with Express Trusts, then moving to Resulting Trusts and Family Home, and Purpose Trusts including Charitable Trusts. Gain insights into the roles and responsibilities of trustees, covering Appointment and Removal, Powers and Duties, and Liability and Remedies. This segment is enriched with:
Day 4-7: In-Depth Wills Study
Explore the intricacies of Wills, including Validity, Alteration, Amendments, and Revocation. Understand the nuances of Interpretation, including property passing outside and under a Will, and delve into the Intestacy Rules. Learn about the role of Personal Representatives and the Grant of Representation, along with their protection against liability. Conclude with a study of Family Provision Claims and Post Death Deed of Variation. Enhance your learning with:
Week 5's focus on Trusts and Wills aims to provide you with a thorough theoretical and practical understanding, essential for the SQE1 exam.
Feedbacks from our students has highlighted concerns regarding Solicitors' Accounts. In response, our committed team of tutors is actively developing specialized workshops aimed at helping students gain mastery in the Legal System and Solicitors' Accounts.
Comprehensive Mock Exam Series
Step into the final phase of your preparation with a series of intensive mock exams. These are designed to mirror the actual SQE1 in format, difficulty, and scope, covering all topics studied in the previous weeks. Experience the real exam atmosphere with:
Targeted Review Sessions
After each mock exam, participate in targeted review sessions. These sessions are aimed at:
Final Preparatory Guidance
In the final days leading up to the SQE1 exam, receive personalized guidance and tips to boost your confidence and readiness. Our team will provide:
These final weeks are crucial in solidifying your readiness for the SQE1 exam. Our comprehensive mock exams and expert-led review sessions are designed to ensure you enter the exam room fully prepared and confident.
Guided Last-Minute Review
On the eve of your exam, we encourage a balanced approach. Engage in a guided, concise review session to reinforce key concepts and ensure clarity. This session will be structured to maximize efficiency while minimizing stress, featuring:
Relaxation and Mindset Preparation
Recognizing the importance of mental well-being, we advocate for relaxation and positive thinking. We provide:
Final Words of Encouragement
As you prepare to take this significant step, we remind you of your hard work and dedication throughout this journey. We believe in your preparedness and potential for success. Remember, what is done is done, and now is the time to trust in your abilities and the extensive preparation you have undergone. We are confident you are ready to excel in your SQE1 exam.
Good luck, and go forth with confidence!
Focus on key concepts through interactive MCQs, tutoring sessions, and flashcards.
Dive deep with case studies, simulations, and expert Q&A sessions.
Explore through targeted MCQs, practical case scenarios, and interactive workshops.
Delve into complex areas with case studies, mock trials, and comprehensive resource access.
Master these topics using simulations, extensive resource libraries, and personalized feedback.
Dive deep with live tutor sessions and expert Q&A sessions.
Engage in full mock exams, rigorous review sessions, and strategic exam tips.
Balance last-minute review with stress-relief techniques and motivational support.
This program is meticulously designed to ensure comprehensive preparation for the SQE1 exam, emphasizing both in-depth study and practical skills, complemented by mental preparedness and positive mindset.
Guided Last-Minute Review
On the eve of your exam, we encourage a balanced approach. Engage in a guided, concise review session to reinforce key concepts and ensure clarity. This session will be structured to maximize efficiency while minimizing stress, featuring:
Relaxation and Mindset Preparation
Recognizing the importance of mental well-being, we advocate for relaxation and positive thinking. We provide:
Final Words of Encouragement
As you prepare to take this significant step, we remind you of your hard work and dedication throughout this journey. We believe in your preparedness and potential for success. Remember, what is done is done, and now is the time to trust in your abilities and the extensive preparation you have undergone. We are confident you are ready to excel in your SQE1 exam.
Good luck, and go forth with confidence!
Day 1-3: Comprehensive Trust Law Coverage
Immerse yourself in the world of Trusts, starting with Express Trusts, then moving to Resulting Trusts and Family Home, and Purpose Trusts including Charitable Trusts. Gain insights into the roles and responsibilities of trustees, covering Appointment and Removal, Powers and Duties, and Liability and Remedies. This segment is enriched with:
Day 4-7: In-Depth Wills Study
Explore the intricacies of Wills, including Validity, Alteration, Amendments, and Revocation. Understand the nuances of Interpretation, including property passing outside and under a Will, and delve into the Intestacy Rules. Learn about the role of Personal Representatives and the Grant of Representation, along with their protection against liability. Conclude with a study of Family Provision Claims and Post Death Deed of Variation. Enhance your learning with:
Week 5's focus on Trusts and Wills aims to provide you with a thorough theoretical and practical understanding, essential for the SQE1 exam.
Focus on key concepts through interactive MCQs, tutoring sessions, and flashcards.
Dive deep with case studies, simulations, and expert Q&A sessions.
Explore through targeted MCQs, practical case scenarios, and interactive workshops.
Delve into complex areas with case studies, mock trials, and comprehensive resource access.
Master these topics using simulations, extensive resource libraries, and personalized feedback.
Dive deep with live tutor sessions and expert Q&A sessions.
Engage in full mock exams, rigorous review sessions, and strategic exam tips.
Balance last-minute review with stress-relief techniques and motivational support.
This program is meticulously designed to ensure comprehensive preparation for the SQE1 exam, emphasizing both in-depth study and practical skills, complemented by mental preparedness and positive mindset.
Feedbacks from our students has highlighted concerns regarding Solicitors' Accounts. In response, our committed team of tutors is actively developing specialized workshops aimed at helping students gain mastery in the Legal System and Solicitors' Accounts.
Comprehensive Mock Exam Series
Step into the final phase of your preparation with a series of intensive mock exams. These are designed to mirror the actual SQE1 in format, difficulty, and scope, covering all topics studied in the previous weeks. Experience the real exam atmosphere with:
Targeted Review Sessions
After each mock exam, participate in targeted review sessions. These sessions are aimed at:
Final Preparatory Guidance
In the final days leading up to the SQE1 exam, receive personalized guidance and tips to boost your confidence and readiness. Our team will provide:
These final weeks are crucial in solidifying your readiness for the SQE1 exam. Our comprehensive mock exams and expert-led review sessions are designed to ensure you enter the exam room fully prepared and confident.
Day 1-3: Criminal Law Mastery
Begin with a thorough review of Criminal Law, starting from the foundational concepts of Actus Reus (including Causation) and Mens Rea, and the Burden and Standard of Proof. Progress to more specific areas including Homicide Offences, Offences Against the Person Act, Theft Act of 1968, Fraud Offences, and Inchoate Offences. Your learning is supported by:
Day 4-7: Criminal Practice Proficiency
Shift to Criminal Practice, learning about Advising Clients at the Police Station, Bail Applications, Classification of Offences, and the dynamics of First Hearings and Plea Before Venue. Delve into Case Management, Pre-Trial Hearings, strategies to Exclude and Adduce Evidence, and Trial Procedures in both Magistrate and Crown Courts. Conclude with Sentencing Principles and Mitigation Plea, along with insights into the Appeal process. Enhance your practice with:
This week's intensive focus on Criminal Law and Criminal Practice is designed to equip you with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, essential for excelling in the SQE1 exam.
Day 1-4: Comprehensive Land Law Review
Embark on a detailed exploration of Land Law, beginning with the Nature of Land, Estates, and Interests, and Unregistered Land. Advance to Registered Land and Co-Ownership, delve into the complexities of Leases, and examine Easements, Profits, and Freehold Covenants. Conclude with an in-depth look at Mortgages and Tax. Enhance your learning with:
Day 5-7: Property Practice Insights
Shift your focus to Property Practice, covering Different Types of Transactions and diving into the Conveyancing Process from taking instructions to the pre-contract stage. Explore Investigation of Title, Pre-Contract Searches, and Exchange of Contracts, followed by Planning Law, Funding the Purchase, and the Completion Stages. Learn about Late Completion Remedies and Security of Tenure. This segment includes:
Our program's structured approach to Land Law and Property Practice ensures you gain not just theoretical knowledge but also practical understanding, vital for your SQE1 exam success.
Day 1-3: Contract Law Essentials
Embark on your journey with a deep dive into Contract Law. We cover Elements for a Valid Contract, Express and Implied Terms, and Discharge and Remedies. Our approach integrates multiple learning tools:
Day 4-7: Business Law Deep Dive
Continue your learning with Business Law, examining Various Business Mediums, LLPs and Limited Companies, their decision-making processes, and financing strategies. To ensure a comprehensive understanding, we provide:
Our holistic approach combines rigorous academic training with personalised support, ensuring you not only learn but master the critical concepts in Contract and Business Law, essential for excelling in the SQE1 exam.
Day 1-3: Exploring Tort Law
Delve into the complexities of Tort Law, starting with Negligence and Trespass, progressing to Vicarious Liability, Employer's Liability, and Occupiers' Liability, then onto Liability for Defective Products and Nuisance, and concluding with Remedies in Tort Law. Our multifaceted learning approach includes:
Day 4-7: Mastering Dispute Resolution
Transition to Dispute Resolution, covering everything from Alternative Modes and Pre Action Considerations to Issuing Proceedings, Case Management, and Interim Applications. Finally, tackle Evidence and Trial Techniques, Appeals, Costs, Part 36 Offers, and Enforcement of Money Judgments. This segment is reinforced with:
Our program is designed to provide you with a deep and practical understanding of Tort and Dispute Resolution, crucial for your success in the SQE1 exam.
Why Choose Us?This is more than just a revision course. It's a strategically designed program aimed at elevating your preparation, boosting your confidence, and priming you for success in the SQE1 exam.
Join the program for only £329.
Please note that this program's content may be subject to modifications based on updates from the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) or internal program adjustments to ensure the most current and effective training.
The mentor support at FQPS Academy was incredible. I felt guided and encouraged throughout my entire SQE1 preparation.
SQE1 Prep Course
The smart study plans and AI-driven support at FQPS Academy made my SQE prep efficient and stress-free. Highly recommend!
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy's flexible study plans were perfect for balancing my studies with part-time work. The support was top-notch!
SQE1 Prep Course
Switching careers was daunting, but FQPS made my transition to law smooth and manageable. Excellent resources and guidance!
QWE Confirmation
Preparing for the SQE1 was a breeze with FQPS Academy. Their tailored support and clear guidance were invaluable.
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy's approach to learning was perfect for me. The personalised feedback helped me focus on what really mattered.
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy's comprehensive resources and supportive mentors were key to my success in passing the SQE1. Truly excellent.
SQE1 Prep Course
Returning to study law after years in another field was challenging, but FQPS Academy made it achievable. Great experience!
QWE Confirmation
I loved the blended learning approach at FQPS Academy. It kept me engaged and helped me retain the material effectively.
SQE1 Prep Course
The detailed feedback and continuous support at FQPS Academy were outstanding. I felt prepared and confident for my exams.
SQE2 Mocks
FQPS Academy's resources and support helped me navigate the SQE1 as an international lawyer. Couldn't have done it without them!
SQE1 Prep Course
The proactive support and clear guidance from FQPS Academy's mentors made all the difference in my SQE1 prep. Highly recommend!
SQE1 Prep Course
Changing careers to law was a big step, but FQPS Academy's support system made it achievable. Their resources are top-notch!
QWE Confirmation
FQPS Academy's revision cards were incredibly helpful for quick reviews. The structured approach really worked for me.
SQE1 Prep Course
The 24/7 mentor support was a lifesaver! FQPS Academy truly understands the needs of their students. Highly recommend!
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy's intensive MCQ sessions and mock exams were game-changers. I felt ready and confident on exam day!
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy's personalised study plans were a huge help. The AI detection and prevention of burnout feature was particularly beneficial.
SQE1 Prep Course
FQPS Academy made my career change to law seamless. Their support and resources are second to none. Fantastic experience!
QWE Confirmation